Sunday, January 16, 2022

Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil

 Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil

 The capacity of the soil to allow the loads coming from the foundation is called the bearing capacity of the soil.



It is essential to know the bearing capacity of the soil before designing the foundation. Different field tests can determine it. However, standard safe bearing capacity values are available for different soil types, and these values can be assumed where test data is limited or speedy construction is required.

S.NoType of SoilSafe Bearing Capacity ( kN/m2)
Cohesive Soils
1.Soft shale, hard or stiff clay in a deep bed, dry state440
2.Medium clay readily indented with a thumbnail245
3.Moist clay and Sand clay mixture, which can be indented by thumb pressure150
4.Black cotton soil/expansive clay ( 50% saturated) in the dry state130 to 160
5.Soft clay indented with moderate thumb pressure100
6.Very soft clay which can be penetrated with the thump up to few centimeters50
Cohesionless Soil
7.Compact gravel/sand and gravel mixture with good resistance against penetration of tools440
8.Compact and dry coarse sand440
9.Compact and dry medium sand245
10.Loose gravel or sandy gravel mixture, dry state245
11.Fine sand and silt ( consists of dry lumps)150
12.Loose and dry fine sand100
Rocks
13.Hard rocks such as granite trap, diorite, etc.3240
14.Laminated rocks such as sandstone, limestone, etc.1620
15.Residual deposits of shattered and broken bedrock and hard shale cemented material880
16.Soft rocks440
The Ultimate Bearing Capacity: The gross pressure intensity at the base of the foundation which would cause shear failure of the soil.

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